A non-generalist look at the ‘national identity’ and regarding it as dependent on political thoughts has received much attention in the studies of political-critical geography in recent years. In this regard, one of the schools that prepares the ground for studying how to construct the geographical dimension of national identity under the school of phenomenology returns to Hegel’s approach of ‘phenomenology of spirit’, which considers that knowing a phenomenon necessitates the equality of objectivity and subjectivity in a historical period and regards it as product of self-consciousness of the political thought proposed by the government for granting meaning to this companionship. In this regard, one of the most important political evolutions in Safavid era (1501-1724) was a change in Shiism from a denomination to a political thought of government and using it for forming the Iranian national identity. This study attempts to rely on the exegetical method in the framework of Hegel’s concept of ‘phenomenology of spirit’ to investigate the main components of Shiite political thought in constructing the Iranian national construction in two national and international scales. The findings of the study show that the Safavid government’s reading of the Shiite doctrines in that era caused the legitimization of kings and granting spiritual status to them, including attributing them to the Shiite imams, which led to the possibility of the king’s centrality in constructing the national identity. On the other hand, the Safavid government made Shi’a a political denomination, and placed it in contrast to its antithesis, in a way that in that era making a conflict between the geopolitics and the Sunnite Ottomans and Ozbeks was effective in constructing the national identity of Iranian people on the transnational scale.